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Task 1: How to use linking phrases |
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Aim: This section is designed to help you to understand what the examiner is looking for when you use linking phrases in a Task 2 answer.
Problems: Many candidates over-use or misuse linking phrases in a Task 2 answer. They will also sometimes confuse phrases that are more appropriate to Task 1 answers.
Read the following two paragraphs. How are they different?
Paragraph 1
There are many causes of air pollution. There is the use of private cars. This can cause many breathing problems because of fumes. Other forms of transport cause air pollution, these are buses, boats and motorcycles. Factories produce gasses that go into the air causing pollution. These things make people's health suffer.
Paragraph 2
One the one hand, there are many causes of air pollution. Firstly, there is the use of private cars. This can cause many breathing problems because of fumes. Furthermore, other forms of transport cause air pollution, for example buses, boats and motorcycles. In addition, factories produce gasses that go into the air causing pollution. All in all, these things make people's health suffer.
Highlight the linking words and phrases that are used in paragraph 2 and then put them in the correct column below according to how they are used. When you have finished, try adding some more linking words and phrases that you know. You can check with the suggested "Answer Key".
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Tips:
Don't over-use linking phrases. Use them sensibly where they are needed.
Don't try to be clever by using more unusual words and phrases, you'll probably misuse them and get a lower score.
Don't use the same phrases again and again. Don't try to learn long lists of phrases because you only need a few for your answer in the test. The examiner is looking for a variety of phrases, so just make sure you keep it simple and use a few common ones that are used with simple structures.
Don't confuse words and phrases that link ideas between sentences or paragraphs with those that link within the same sentence.
Check the Answer Key.
Need to more about using linking phrases? Use the form below to let us know what you need to know...
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